Kana zvasvika kune turbocharging tekinoroji, vazhinji vanofarira mota vanojairana nemusimboti wayo wekushanda. Inoshandisa gasi reinjini yekupedza simba kutyaira turbine blades, iyo inozotyaira mhepo compressor, ichiwedzera mhepo yekupinza injini. Izvi zvinopedzisira zvanatsiridza kupisa kwemoto uye kuburitsa simba remukati injini yekupisa.
Tekinoroji yeTurbocharging inobvumira injini dzemazuva ano dzekubatidza mukati kuti dziwane kugutsa simba rekubuda uku ichidzikisa kusimuka kweinjini uye kusangana nemaitiro ekuburitsa. Sezvo tekinoroji yakagadzira, mhando dzakasiyana dzekusimudzira masisitimu dzakabuda, senge turbo imwe, twin-turbo, supercharging, uye yemagetsi turbocharging.
Nhasi, tiri kuzotaura nezve ine mukurumbira tekinoroji yekuchaja tekinoroji.
Sei supercharging iripo? Chikonzero chikuru chekugadzirwa kwe supercharging ndechekugadzirisa "turbo lag" nyaya inowanzo wanikwa mumaturbocharger. Kana injini ichishanda yakaderera RPMs, simba rekupedza harina kukwana kuvaka kudzvanywa kwakanaka muturbo, zvichikonzera kunonoka kukwirisa uye kusaenzana kwesimba rekupa.
Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, mainjiniya emotokari akauya nemhinduro dzakasiyana, sekushongedza injini nematurbo maviri. Iyo diki turbo inopa kukwidziridza kune yakaderera RPMs, uye kana injini ichikurumidza kuwedzera, inochinja kune yakakura turbo kune rimwe simba.
Vamwe vanogadzira mota vakatsiva echinyakare-inotyairwa turbocharger nemagetsi turbos, ayo anovandudza zvakanyanya nguva yekupindura uye kubvisa lag, ichipa kukurumidza uye kwakapfava kukurumidza.
Mamwe ma automaker akabatanidza iyo turbo zvakananga kune injini, achigadzira supercharging tekinoroji. Iyi nzira inovimbisa kuti iyo boost inounzwa ipapo ipapo, sezvo ichityairwa neinjini, ichibvisa iyo lag yakabatana neyechinyakare turbos.
Iyo yaimbove ine mbiri-yepamusoro yekuchaja tekinoroji inouya mumhando nhatu huru: Roots supercharger, Lysholm (kana screw) supercharger, uye centrifugal supercharger. Mumotokari dzinotakura vanhu, ruzhinji rwema supercharging masisitimu anoshandisa iyo centrifugal supercharger dhizaini nekuda kwekushanda kwayo uye maitiro ekuita.
Nheyo yecentrifugal supercharger yakafanana neyechinyakare exhaust turbocharger, sezvo masisitimu ese ari maviri anoshandisa turbine blades kukwevera mweya mucompressor kuti ikwidze. Zvisinei, musiyano wakakosha ndewekuti, panzvimbo yekuvimba nemagasi emhepo kuti atyaire turbine, iyo centrifugal supercharger inofambiswa zvakananga neinjini pachayo. Chero bedzi injini iri kushanda, iyo supercharger inogona kugara ichipa kukurudzira, pasina kuganhurirwa nehuwandu hwekubuda gasi huripo. Izvi zvinonyatsobvisa iyo "turbo lag" nyaya.
Kare muzuva, vazhinji vanogadzira mota vakaita seMercedes-Benz, Audi, Land Rover, Volvo, Nissan, Volkswagen, uye Toyota vese vakaunza mamodheru ane supercharging tekinoroji. Nekudaro, hazvina kutora nguva refu kubhadharisa kukuru kwakasiiwa, kunyanya nekuda kwezvikonzero zviviri.
Chikonzero chekutanga ndechekuti supercharger inopedza injini simba. Sezvo dzichifambiswa ne crankshaft yeinjini, dzinoda chikamu chesimba reinjini kuti ishande. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera chete kune makuru ekutamisa injini, uko kurasikirwa kwesimba kusinganyanyi kuoneka.
Semuenzaniso, injini yeV8 ine simba rakatemerwa remazana mana emabhiza inogona kukwidziridzwa kusvika mazana mashanu emabhiza kuburikidza nekuchajisa kukuru. Zvisineyi, injini ye2.0L ine mazana maviri emabhiza ingatamburira kusvika mazana matatu emabhiza ichishandisa supercharger, sezvo kushandiswa kwesimba ne supercharger kwaizobvisa zvakawanda zvekuwana. Munzvimbo yemazuva ano yemotokari, uko injini dzekufambisa dziri kuramba dzichiwedzera kushomeka nekuda kwemitemo yekuburitsa uye kushanda nesimba, nzvimbo yehunyanzvi hwekuchaja tekinoroji yakadzikira zvakanyanya.
Chikonzero chechipiri ndiko kukanganisa kwekuchinja kune magetsi. Mota zhinji dzaimboshandisa supercharging tekinoroji dzachinja kuita magetsi eturbocharging system. Magetsi turbocharger anopa nguva dzekupindura nekukurumidza, kunyatsoita basa, uye anogona kushanda akazvimiririra kubva kusimba reinjini, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inonakidza mumamiriro ekukura kwemota dzehybrid nemagetsi.
Semuenzaniso, mota dzakaita seAudi Q5 neVolvo XC90, uye kunyange Land Rover Defender, iyo yakambobatirira pane yayo V8 supercharged vhezheni, yakadzima mechaniki yekuchaja. Nekugadzirisa turbo nemotokari yemagetsi, basa rekufambisa mashizha e-turbine rinopiwa kune motokari yemagetsi, zvichiita kuti simba rejini rive rakazara kuendeswa zvakananga kumavhiri. Izvi hazvingo mhanyisa maitiro ekusimudzira asi zvakare zvinobvisa kudiwa kweinjini yekupira simba kune iyo supercharger, ichipa mabhenefiti maviri ekukurumidza kupindura uye zvakanyanya kushanda nesimba kushandisa simba.
ummary
Parizvino, mota dzepamusoro-soro dziri kuwedzera kuwanda pamusika. Zvisinei, pane runyerekupe rwekuti Ford Mustang inogona kuratidza injini ye5.2L V8, ine supercharging inogona kuita kudzoka. Nepo maitiro achinja akananga kumagetsi uye turbocharging matekinoroji, pachine mukana wekuti mechanic supercharging idzoke mune chaiyo-inoshanda modhi.
Mechanical supercharging, yakamboonekwa seyakasarudzika kumamodhi ekupedzisira, inoita sechimwe chinhu makambani mashoma emotokari anoda kutaura zvakare, uye nekuparara kwemamodhi makuru ekutamisa, mechanic supercharging inogona kunge isisipo.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-06-2024
