Marka ay timaado tignoolajiyada turbocharging, dad badan oo xiiseeya baabuurta ayaa yaqaana mabda'a shaqada. Waxay isticmaashaa gaaska qiiqa ee matoorka si ay u kaxayso marawaxadaha marawaxadaha, taas oo markaa kaxaysa kombaresarka hawada, kordhinaysa hawada qaadashada matoorka. Tani waxay ugu dambeyntii wanaajisaa waxtarka gubashada iyo awoodda wax soo saarka ee matoorka gubashada gudaha.
Tiknoolajiyada Turbocharging waxay u ogolaataa matoorada gubashada gudaha ee casriga ah si ay u gaadhaan wax soo saar awood leh iyada oo la dhimayo barokaca mishiinka iyo buuxinta heerarka qiiqa. Sida tignoolajiyada ay horumarisay, noocyo kala duwan oo habab kobcin ah ayaa soo baxay, sida hal turbo, twin-turbo, supercharging, iyo turbocharging koronto.
Maanta, waxaan ka hadli doonaa tignoolajiyada caanka ah ee supercharging.
Waa maxay sababta dulsaarku u jiro? Sababta aasaasiga ah ee horumarinta supercharging waa in wax laga qabto "turbo lag" oo caadi ahaan laga helo turbochargers caadiga ah. Marka matoorku ku shaqeeyo RPM-yada hoose, tamarta qiiqa kuma filna in lagu dhiso cadaadis togan turbo, taasoo keentay dardargelinta daahitaanka iyo koronto aan sinnayn.
Si loo xaliyo dhibaatadan, injineerada baabuurta ayaa la yimid xalal kala duwan, sida in mishiinka lagu qalabeeyo laba turbo. Turbo-ga yar wuxuu bixiyaa kor u kaca RPM-yada hoose, iyo marka xawaaraha matoorku kordho, waxay u wareegtaa turbo weyn si ay u hesho awood dheeraad ah.
Qaar ka mid ah kuwa baabuurta sameeya waxay ku beddeleen turbochargers-dhaqameedka qiiqa ku shaqeeya ee korontada ku shaqeeya, taas oo si weyn u wanaajisa wakhtiga jawaabta oo meesha ka saarta dib u dhaca, bixinta dardargelinta degdegga ah oo sahlan.
Kuwa kale ee baabuurta sameeya ayaa si toos ah ugu xidhay turbo matoorka, iyaga oo abuuray tignoolajiyada sare u kaca. Habkani wuxuu hubinayaa in kor u qaadista isla markiiba la keeno, maadaama ay si farsamaysan u wado mishiinka, taas oo meesha ka saaraysa dib u dhaca la xidhiidha turbo-dhaqameedka.
Tignoolajiyada supercharging ee hal mar ammaanta leh waxay ku timaadaa saddex nooc oo waaweyn: Roots superchargers, Lysholm (ama screw) superchargers, iyo centrifugal superchargers. Baabuurta rakaabka ah, inta badan nidaamyada supercharging waxay isticmaalaan naqshadaynta supercharger centrifugal taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay hufnaanteeda iyo sifada waxqabadkeeda.
Mabda'a supercharger centrifugal wuxuu la mid yahay turbocharger qiiqa dhaqameed, maadaama labada nidaam ay isticmaalaan marawaxadaha marawaxadaha si ay hawada ugu soo jiidaan kombaresarada si kor loogu qaado. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, farqiga ugu muhiimsan ayaa ah, halkii lagu tiirsanaan lahaa gaaska qiiqa si ay u kaxeeyaan marawaxadaha, centrifugal supercharger waxaa si toos ah ugu shaqeeya mishiinka laftiisa. Ilaa inta matoorku shaqaynayo, charger-hu wuxuu si joogto ah u bixin karaa kor u kac, iyada oo aan la xaddidin cadadka gaaska qiiqa ee jira. Tani waxay si wax ku ool ah u tirtiraysaa arrinta "turbo lag".
Waagii hore, shirkado badan oo baabuurta sida Mercedes-Benz, Audi, Land Rover, Volvo, Nissan, Volkswagen, iyo Toyota ayaa dhamaantood soo bandhigay moodooyin leh tignoolajiyada sare u qaadida. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma aysan dheerayn ka hor inta badan la iska daayay, ugu horrayn laba sababood awgood.
Sababta koowaad ayaa ah in superchargers ay isticmaalaan awoodda matoorka. Maadaama ay kaxeeyaan shafka matoorka, waxay u baahan yihiin qayb ka mid ah awoodda matoorka si uu u shaqeeyo. Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa inay ku habboon yihiin oo keliya matoorada barokaca ee waaweyn, halkaas oo khasaaraha korontadu uu yahay mid aan la dareemin.
Tusaale ahaan, matoorka V8 oo leh awood lagu qiimeeyay 400 hooras waxa lagu kordhin karaa 500 oo hooras iyada oo loo marayo awood sare. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, matoorka 2.0L ee leh 200 hooras ayaa ku dhibtoonaya inuu gaadho 300 oo hooras isagoo isticmaalaya supercharger, maadaama isticmaalka korantada ee supercharger uu wax badan ka tari doono faa'iidada. Muuqaalka gawaadhida ee maanta, halkaas oo matoorada barokaca ee waaweyni ay noqdaan kuwo aad naadir u ah xeerarka qiiqa qiiqa iyo baahida hufnaanta, booska tignoolajiyada sareynta ayaa si weyn hoos ugu dhacday.
Sababta labaad ayaa ah saamaynta u wareejinta korantada. Gaadiid badan oo markii hore isticmaali jiray tignoolajiyada sare-u-qaadista ayaa hadda u wareegay nidaamyada turbocharging koronto. Turbochargers koronto waxay bixiyaan waqtiyo jawaab celin degdeg ah, hufnaan badan, waxayna u shaqayn karaan si ka madax banaan awooda matoorka, taasoo ka dhigaysa door soo jiidasho leh marka la eego isbeddelka sii kordhaya ee baabuurta isku-dhafka ah iyo korontada.
Tusaale ahaan, baabuurta sida Audi Q5 iyo Volvo XC90, iyo xitaa Land Rover Defender, oo mar ku dheggan nooca V8-ka weyn, ayaa meesha ka saaray koronto-kordhinta farsamada. Marka lagu qalabeeyo turbo matoor koronto ah, hawsha wadista marawaxadaha marawaxadaha waxaa lagu wareejiyaa matoorka korontada, taasoo u oggolaanaysa in tamarta buuxda ee mishiinka si toos ah loogu geeyo taayirrada. Tani kaliya ma dedejinayso habka kor u qaadida laakiin sidoo kale waxay meesha ka saaraysaa baahida mishiinku u hurayo awooda supercharger, siinta laba faa'iido oo jawaab celin degdeg ah iyo isticmaalka waxtarka leh.
soo koobid
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, baabuurta xamuulka qaada ayaa ku sii badanaysa suuqa. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxaa jira warar xan ah oo sheegaya in Ford Mustang laga yaabo inuu muujiyo mashiinka 5.2L V8, oo leh awood sare oo suurtagal ah inuu soo laabto. Iyadoo isbeddelku uu u wareegay dhinaca tignoolajiyada korantada iyo turbocharging, waxaa weli jirta suurtogalnimada in koronto-bixinta farsamadu ay ku soo noqoto moodooyin waxqabad sare leh oo gaar ah.
Dallacaadda makaanikada, mar loo tixgaliyo inay gaar u tahay moodooyinka dhamaadka ugu sarreeya, waxay u muuqataa inay tahay shay dhawr shirkadood oo baabuur ah oo raba inay mar dambe sheegaan, iyo dhimista moodooyinka barokaca ee waaweyn, kororka makaanikada ayaa laga yaabaa inay mar dhow sii jiri doonto.
Waqtiga boostada: Sebtembar-06-2024
